《Music》SectionⅢ PPT
专项突破
过去分词作表语和状语
1．(教材P52)___________ (bear) in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988．
2．(教材P52) ___________ (move) by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time．”
3．(教材P56)I was very afraid and I felt so alone and ___________ (discourage)．
4．(教材P58)___________ (encourage) by this first performance and the positive reaction of the audience, I have continued to play the piano and enjoy it more every day．
过去分词作表语
1．过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态
◆Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor．
汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。
◆Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys．
终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。
2．过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
◆The library is now closed．(状态)
图书馆现在关闭了。
◆The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday．(动作)
昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。
3．感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。
◆We were amazed at what he said at the meeting．
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
◆His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged．
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语的类型
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式/伴随和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
1．过去分词作时间状语
过去分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。
◆Looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful．
→When it is looked at from a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful．
当从远处看时，这幅画似乎更美了。
◆Asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．
→When he was asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding．
当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现它既有趣又有意义。
2．过去分词作原因状语
过去分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
◆Worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days．
→Because I was worried about the exam, I was unsettled in these days．
由于担心考试，我这几天感到不安。
3．过去分词作条件状语
过去分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。
◆Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast．
→If they are grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast．
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
◆Given a few minutes, I’ll finish the report．
→If I am given a few minutes, I’ll finish the report．
再给我几分钟的时间，我就会完成这个报告。
4．过去分词作让步状语
过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。
◆Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties．
→Though he was encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties．
尽管受到了父母的鼓励，他仍然没有信心克服困难。
◆Invited by him, I won’t take part in the party．
→Though I was invited by him, I won’t take part in the party．
即使被他邀请，我也不会参加聚会。
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