《Exploring English》Section ⅡPPT课件
第一部分内容：语法精析
[探究发现]
①chairman 主席 newspaper 报纸
hometown 家乡 airport 机场
sunrise 日出
②disagree 不同意 incomplete 不完全的
unfair 不公平的 reuse 再利用
telephone 电话
③reader 读者 inventor 发明家
Chinese 中国人 Indian 印度人
artist 艺术家 kindness 和蔼
operation 手术
④hand 手/递 clean 干净的/弄干净
shade 阴凉/遮蔽 taste 美味/品尝
[我的发现]
(1)①组中的单词是将两个单词合并在一起，形成一个新的单词。这种构词法被称之为_____。
(2)②组中的单词都是在各自的词根前加了不同的_____，如dis， in， un， re， tele 等。
(3)③组中的单词是在各自的词根后加了不同的_____，如er, or, ese, ian等。
(4)②③组中单词的构词法被称之为_____。
(5)④组中的单词的构词法被称之为_____。
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Exploring EnglishPPT，第二部分内容：要点规则详析
英语中词的构成方法主要有三种：合成、派生和转化。
一、合成
由两个或更多的词合成一个词，有的用连字符“”连接，有的直接写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。
1．合成名词
2．合成形容词
3．合成副词
4.合成代词
5．合成动词
[点津] (1)合成词的复数形式通常是把前面的主体名词变复数。若没有主体名词，则在最后一个词后面加复数形式。例如：fatherinlaw→fathersinlaw, grownup→grownups。
(2)由man和woman构成的合成名词变复数时，两个名词都要变成复数。例如：woman doctor→women doctors。
(3)由“名词＋名词”构成的复合名词，在变复数时，只变化中心名词，而修饰名词不变。例如：girlfriend→girlfriends。
[即时训练1]
(1)写出下列单词的汉语意思
①greenhouse_________
②sunset_________
③farreaching_________
④heartfelt_________
⑤hotfoot _________
⑥overcome _________
(2)将下列合成名词变为复数形式
①daughterinlaw→_________
②gobetween→ _________
③man teacher→ _________
④Englishman→_________
二、派生
派生法是由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。
1．前缀
前缀一般只改变单词的意思，不改变词性。
2.后缀
后缀常会改变单词的词性，构成意思相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。
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Exploring EnglishPPT，第三部分内容：语境即时活用
One day a little boy came into a fruit shop.He had five dollars and wanted to buy some apples.He said to the shopkeeper, “Give me apples for five dollars, please.” When the shopkeeper handed him the apples in a bag, the boy counted them and felt very surprised.Then he said, “Last Friday, my mother bought apples here for five dollars, too.Why did you give me fewer apples？”
“My boy, don't you know? The fewer apples you get, the less fruit you will have to carry.” said the shopkeeper.
“All right，” said the boy and he kept one dollar and gave the rest of the money to the shopkeeper.He was just going to leave the shop when he heard the words. “Come back! You must pay me five dollars.” “That's OK！” said the boy.“Don't you know? The fewer dollars you get, the less money you will have to count.”
点评：第一段第三句中的shopkeeper为“名词＋名词”结构的合成词；第四句中的handed为词性转化“名词用作动词”，surprised为带有后缀ed的形容词。
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Exploring EnglishPPT，第四部分内容：新知贯通
And the Americans find the British spelling“re”does not match its pronunciation, so they would rather spell re as er.
美国人觉得英国“re”的拼写与发音不相匹配，所以他们宁愿把re拼作er。
★would rather宁愿；宁可
①I would rather stay at home reading than go swimming with my friends.
我宁可待在家里看书，也不愿意和朋友们一起去游泳。
②I'd rather (that) you hadn't told him about it that day.
我真希望你那天没告诉他那件事。
[即时训练] 单句语法填空
①I would rather__________(mistake) than quarrel with him.
②George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I'd rather he__________(focus) more on its culture.
③I would rather you________(go) there last night.
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Exploring EnglishPPT，第五部分内容：听力强化
一、听力技法微指导
做好听前预测
听前预测也是提高听力测试成绩的一种有效的方式。在正式开始听录音之前，应先快速地浏览一遍题目，圈出题干与选项中的信息点，预测将会听到的内容，并明确听录音时的重心。首先，根据题干中的语言信息，预测对话或短文的语境、大意、人物身份等可能涉及的内容。其次，对比分析选项的异同，特别注意各选项中重复出现的词汇，明确下一步听录音时应该关注的方向。
[典例] What will James do tomorrow?
A．Watch a TV program.
B．Give a talk.
C．Write a report.
[听力原文]
W: James, you've been watching TV for the whole evening.What's on?
M: It's a science program on the origin of the universe.I'll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.
[分析] 首先根据题干中的关键词“James, do, tomorrow”可预测这是一道考查动作行为的试题，听时要密切关注James的讲话内容。再根据三个选项“看电视”“做演讲”“写报告”，可预测将会听到的动作与其中之一有关，听时可关注三个动词“watch, give, write”。根据答句中James的回答“I'll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow.”可知答案。give a presentation 与选项give a talk为同义转换。故答案是B项。
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