《Into the wild》Section ⅡPPT
第一部分内容：语法精讲·难点透析
[新知导引]
诵读下列例句并感知画线部分的共性
1．There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
2．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
3．I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country where German was spoken.
4．I finally understood the reason why my mum had encouraged me not to give up.
5．Then I saw an advertisement that offered a wonderful summer course, and that was the day when I decided to take on a new language.
6．The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
[共性呈现]
1．所有画线部分都是关系副词引导的定语从句。
2．关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语(第5、6句)。
3．关系副词where在定语从句中作地点状语(第2、3句)。
4．关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语(第1、4句)。
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Into the wildPPT，第二部分内容：[语法精释]
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词的指代及功能
关系副词 先行词 功能
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why reason 原因状语
1.关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first went to the Great Wall.
我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天。
The day when we get together will come soon.
我们聚会的日子很快就会来的。
We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.
我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。
[名师点津] 若时间名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that引导。
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)
2．关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。
He is now working in the factory where his father worked.
现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。
[名师点津] 若地点名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。
The school (which/that) we visited yesterday is newly built.
我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。
(关系代词which/that在从句中作visited的宾语)
3．关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。
The reason why he succeeded in the exam is that he studied very hard.
他考试成功的原因是他学习很认真。
Can you tell me the reason why you didn't come to his birthday party?
你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？
二、关系代词作介词的宾语
关系代词作介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提到关系代词前，形成“介词＋关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which，whom或whose。
1．介词的选用
“介词＋关系代词”结构中的介词可以依据与从句中谓语动词的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句子意义来确定。
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(根据与先行词的搭配确定)
This is the pilot with whom my father has worked for ten years.
这就是和我爸爸一起工作了10年的那位飞行员。(根据意义搭配确定)
[名师点津] (1)某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的“介词＋关系代词”可以同关系副词when、where和why互换。
I still remember the time when (＝in which) I was in college.我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。
This is the hotel where (＝in which) they stayed.
这就是他们待过的旅馆。
This is the reason why (＝for which) he left in a hurry.
这就是他匆匆离去的原因。
2．关系代词的选择
“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时关系代词用whom，不可用who/that；先行词指物时关系代词用which，不能用that。
This is the student for whom I bought a book.
这就是我给其买书的那个学生。
This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.
这就是我去上海所乘的船。
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Into the wildPPT，第三部分内容：课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The reason ___________ she changed her mind is quite clear.
2．The days ___________ they travelled together meant a lot to him.
3．I saw a house, the windows of ___________ were broken.
4．She has two sons, both of ___________ graduated from Harvard University.
5．Nobody knows the reason for ___________ she didn't attend the meeting.
6．We went through a period ___________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
7．The children, all of ___________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
8．We visited the car factory ___________ my uncle once worked three years ago.
9．This is the factory ___________ I visited last year.
10．The old man has two sons, and both of ___________ are lawyers.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．We settled down in a small village.In front of the village ran a winding river.
→We settled down in a small village ___________ ran a winding river.
2．She has three sons.All of her sons are abroad now.
→She has three sons and ___________ are abroad now.
→She has three sons, ___________ are abroad now.
3．There are sixty students in our class.Thirty of the students in our class are girls.
→There are sixty students in our class, ___________ are girls.
4．The school lies in the east of the town.He once studied in the school.
→The school ___________ he once studied lies in the east of the town.
5．Do you remember the days？On those days we played together.
→Do you remember the days ___________ we played together?
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